GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY- MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS AND EFFECT OF Amaranthus hybridus AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT ON PLASMA AND HEART LIPID PROFILE IN DOXORUBICIN - INDUCED CARDIOTOXIC RAT

Abstract

Amaranthus hybridus, which belongs to the plant family Amaranthaceae and is commonly made as a tasty vegetable delicacy in Nigeria, has been used since ancient times to treat a variety of diseases including diabetics, urinary infections, diarrhea, discomfort, and others. This study was needed by recent research on the use of plants as neutraceuticals and natural protectors against chronic diseases such as myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, diabetes, and others. The purpose of this study is to assess the lipid profile in Wistar rats' blood samples and organ (heart). Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analyses were performed on Amaranthus hybridus aqueous leaf extract (AHALE). Twenty-five albino Wistar rats (male and female but sexually separated) were divided into five groups of five rats each. Group 1 was the control, groups 2 and 3 received only doxorubicin (0.5 ml), group 4 received doxorubicin + plant extract (1.0 ml), and group 5 received only plant extract (1.0 ml). DOX was given intraperitoneally once every 48 hours for 48 hours, whereas AHALE was given orally for 14 days. The results of GC-MS analysis indicated ten bioactive components, the majority of which are aromatic tumerone (38.11%, RT 11.965), curlone (20.50%, RT 12.369), tumerone (19.3%, RT 12.006), n-hexadecarnoic acid (6.16%, RT14.979), and phytol (3.72%, RT16.401). DOX administration to rats resulted in a significant (p0.05) increase in HDL and cholesterol levels of plasma and heart, a significant decrease (p0.05) in LDL of heart, plasma VLDL level, and plasma Triglyceride level. DOX's effect on the lipid profile was reversed by treatment with A. hubridus aqueous leaf extract (AHALE). In conclusion, the results of this investigation suggest that A. hybridus aqueous leaf extract contained phytochemical components that may be responsible for A. hybridus's modulatory impact in DOX induced cardiotoxicity