EFFECT OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Alafia barteri LEAF ON OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS IN FORMALIN INDUCED PAW INFLAMMATION IN WISTAR RATS

Abstract

This research analyzes the anti-oxidant impact of the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Alafia barteri on the basis of their medicinal use in the therapy of inflammation,toothaches and fevers. The findings of the phytochemical testing showed that the extract contained alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, phenolics and terpenoids which have been connected with anti-inflammatory actions.Ethanolic extract of A.barteri at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed a substantial decrease in paw oedema rats volume when compared to the standard drug(diclofenac sodium 10mg/kg).The results support the traditional use of A. barteri in the therapy of mutiple pain and inflammation-related illnesses. A. barteri caused a major shift in the growth of paw oedema in the formalin induced.This study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress in the liver of formaldehyde-induced rats to cause paw inflammation. SOD, Catalase levels were calculated in the total liver homogenate and in addition to the effect on paw oedema. Arthritic rats obtained elevated levels of ROS than controls in the total homogenate (46% higher) and in all subcellular fractions (51, 38, and 55% higher for mitochondria, peroxisome, and cytosol, respectively). Arthritic rats also had a greater amount of carbonyl protein in complete homogeneity(75%) and in all subcellular fractions (189, 227, and 260%, respectively, for mitochondria, peroxisomes, and cytosol). The TBARS levels of arthritic rats were more elevated in the total homogenate (36%), mitochondria (20%), and peroxisomes (16%). Arthritic rats also had a greater amount of NO markers in the peroxisomes (112%) and in the cytosol (35%). The catalase action of all cell compartments was stoutly reduced (between 77 and 87%) by arthritis, and glutathione peroxidase actions were reduced in the cytosol (41%) and mitochondria (33.7%) .The cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase action, on the other hand, was increased (62.9%), the same occurrence with inducible peroxisomal NO synthase (119.3%). The superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase actions were not affected. The GSH content was reduced by arthritis in all cellular compartments (50 to 59% diminution). The results showed that the liver of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis presents a distinct oxidative stress and that, in result, injury to lipids and proteins is highly significant. The increased in ROS content of the liver of arthritic rats seems to be the result of both a stimulated pro-oxidant system and a deficient antioxidant defense with a prevalence of the final as indicated by the strongly diminished actions of catalase and glutathione peroxidase.