GSM Based Fire Alarm System using Arduino Uno

Abstract

Untimely response, constrained navigation due to poor urban planning and traffic jams, highly flammable construction materials, insufficient capacity by the fire department and lack of access to automated fire detection systems by residents due to purchasing costs are among the factors that affect fire-fighting services in our environment. The fallout of a fire flare-up could extremely intense prompting far and wide loss of property and loss of lives. Residential areas contain numerous flammable materials such as clothing, books, wooden cabinets, beddings and plastics while also housing sources of ignition that include cooking gas and electronic devices thus are prone to severe fire accidents. Fire episodes have a commencement time of around 3 to 5 minutes, which is the ideal chance to identify it and put it out after which it may gain out of power. This suggests that ideal distinguishing proof of a potential fire episode is pivotal to overseeing it. At present, most private foundations just as business premises are not fitted with fire detection systems owing to lack of awareness, high purchasing costs and inefficiency of the devices given the high false alarm rates which have a cost attached to them such as the unnecessary deployment of fire-fighting personnel. The fire detection devices are highly susceptible to false alarms because reliance on one sensor that reads only one percept from the environment for instance smoke or heat. Notwithstanding, the progression of the Internet-of-Things has prompted the improvement of 'brilliant' advances where different sensors can be fused into objects like fire locators furthermore empowering them to carry out programmed tasks, and communicate wirelessly with other objects. This research aimed at proposing a prototype of a GSM based fire alarm system using Arduino approach. Rapid prototyping methodology was applied in this research for development of the prototype. Data was collected by experimentation. MQ135 smoke sensor, LM35 temperature sensor, Flame sensor and an Arduino microcontroller, a GSM shield was used in this prototype. In the event of a fire outbreak, the device will be able to send an SMS alert and call to the homeowner as well as the firefighting department.