Abstract:
In this study, the use of cheap unmodified and acid-modified agricultural waste primed from groundnut husk as adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution were examined in a batch
process under different experimental conditions. Fourier transform infrared characterization of the
adsorbent before and after the adsorption process revealed the likely involvement of various functional groups such as –COOH, –C=O, –NH2
and –OH−
groups. Structural and morphological changes
of the biomass were equally observed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis
before and after adsorption of copper ions. Optimum experimental conditions were obtained to be
the initial metal concentration of 50 mg L−1, contact time of 70 min, biomass dosage of 3 g and hydrogen ion concentration of 5.0. The kinetic studies showed that the sorption pattern of both biomasses
followed pseudo-second-order model, while the isotherms studies revealed that the adsorption data
were well governed by Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The monolayer adsorption capacity for
unmodified groundnut husk was found to be 14.525 and 20.146 mg g−1 for acid-modified groundnut
husk as computed from the Langmuir model equation. It can thus be concluded that waste groundnut
husk can be used as a low cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for Cu(II) ions removal from
aqueous solution.
